When I read a book and take notes, I make a little "idea index" with a reference back to what page the idea was covered on. I like to make the same index when I'm reading web articles. This workflow stumbles a little with web pages though. It's difficult to refer to a position within an article, whether rough (like a page marker) or specific (like a ebook location).
I'm currently getting around this by using a little bookmarklet that logs out the percentage scrolled down the page. This works in a 'for now' kind of way, but it isn't ideal.
I'd like a more secure mark of where I am in a page that isn't influenced by how big I've made my browser today or whether I'm on my desktop or my laptop. I'd also like a way of jumping back to a specific location by pasting a location into the page. Ideally, the tool would be open source too. I don't know of any tool of this kind, but it would be useful to me.
If I were to build something like this, I might have the user select a html element within the page, and count paragraph tags within that section to deterministically generate an identifying number for each paragraph. This only works if the page doesn't change, of course, but I tend to take a snapshot of pages I read (sometimes two, I use both pinboard.in and zotero) so this isn't a huge concern for me, I can always use the snapshot.